Discover Umbria Villa Rentals: Your Gateway to Serenity

Embark on a journey to the heart of Italy with our exclusive Umbria villa rentals. Nestled in the serene landscapes of Italy's untouched gem, our villas offer an unparalleled blend of luxury, comfort, and authentic Italian charm. Whether you're seeking a secluded retreat in the countryside or a sophisticated residence near historic towns, our curated selection caters to every taste and need.

Indulge in the luxury of your private villa, where traditional architecture meets modern amenities. Imagine waking up to the gentle sound of nature, enjoying breakfast with panoramic views of rolling hills, and spending your days exploring ancient villages or relaxing by your private pool.

Booking your dream villa in Umbria is more than just a vacation; it's an opportunity to create unforgettable memories in one of Italy's most enchanting regions. Experience the rich culture, exquisite cuisine, and warm hospitality of Umbria in Central Italy. Don't wait any longer—your dream Italian escape is just a click away. Book your Umbria villa rental today and start planning the trip of a lifetime.

 
Stay at San Martino: A stone country house in Umbria with Wi-Fi, saltwater pool, and loggia. Ideal for exploring Perugia, Assisi, and Todi.
Region: Umbria
Locality: Torgiano
Next city: Perugia (22km)
Persons: 8
€ 1280 - € 2355 pro Woche
Privater Pool und Sonnenschirmen am Ferienhaus Casa Campori Esstisch des Ferienhauses in Umbrien mit Blick auf den Trasimeno See Atemberaubender Blick von den Lago Trasimeno Small holiday home in Umbria with view over the Trasimeno Lake
Small and cosy holiday home with breathtaking views over the Trasimeno Lake in a very peaceful location; private and heated pool; air conditioning
Region: Umbria
Locality: Passignano sul Trasimeno
Next city: Perugia (25km)
Persons: 5
€ 1590 - € 2490 pro Woche
Experience tranquility and relaxation at Casa Belmonte. Idyllic holiday home in Le Marche, Italy, with hill views, close to the Adriatic coast and Monti Sibillini.
Region: Marches
Locality: Monte Rinaldo
Next city: Ascolo Piceno (48km)
Persons: 8
€ 1600 - € 3400 pro Woche
Discover Casale Upupa, a modern holiday home with a private pool in Latium. Enjoy tranquility, breathtaking views, and proximity to Rome. Perfect for couples seeking a serene escape.
Region: Lazio
Locality: Selci
Next city: Roma (60km)
Persons: 2
€ 1690 - € 2400 pro Woche
Stay at Fuoriporta - Corte in Spello: Charming townhouse in the historic center, perfect for up to 4 guests, with terrace and views of the Umbrian hills.
Region: Umbria
Locality: Spello
Next city: Assisi (13km)
Persons: 3
€ 1800 - € 2100 pro Woche
Discover Villa Giorgina, a charming restored farmhouse near Amandola, offering serene mountain views, a spacious pool, and tranquil outdoor spaces for an unforgettable stay in the Italian countryside.
Region: Marches
Locality: Comunanza
Next city: Ascoli Piceno (35km)
Persons: 6
€ 1800 - € 2400 pro Woche
Stay at Casetta del Lunario in Spello: Charming decor, private garden, stunning views. Perfect for a stay in one of Italy's most beautiful villages.
Region: Umbria
Locality: Spello
Persons: 3
€ 1950 - € 2250 pro Woche
Experience Casa 29, a 3-bedroom villa in Umbria with a private pool, rooftop terrace, and modern amenities. Situated in a charming village, it's perfect for a relaxing family getaway.
Region: Umbria
Locality: Silvignano
Next city: Spoleto (13km)
Persons: 6
€ 2100 - € 3360 pro Woche
Discover Casa Montefalco: A renovated country house for 9 in Umbria with a private pool, stunning valley views, and a spacious covered terrace.
Region: Umbria
Locality: Moriano
Next city: Spoleto (18km)
Persons: 9
€ 2400 - € 3500 pro Woche
Discover Villa Itri: Designed by Cherubino Gambardella, this house with a private pool offers stunning views of the Tyrrhenian Sea and the Aurunci Mountains.
Region: Lazio
Locality: Itri
Next city: Sperlonga (13km)
Persons: 8
€ 2500 - € 4500 pro Woche
Enjoy a relaxing holiday at Casale Mignola in Le Marche. Renovated farmhouse with infinity pool, stunning views, and modern amenities. Perfect for exploring Italy.
Region: Marches
Locality: Cingoli
Next city: Macerata (30km)
Persons: 10
€ 2800 - € 5250 pro Woche
Experience Villa Morrovalle: Gated property, modern interior, covered terrace, air conditioning, only 17 km to the sea. Ideal for family vacations.
Region: Marches
Locality: Morrovalle
Next city: Macerata (11km)
Persons: 8
€ 2850 - € 5350 pro Woche
Discover Villa Mundi: A renovated 18th-century monastery in Le Marche, Italy, with lush gardens, a private pool, and stunning views. Perfect for a relaxing and artistic retreat.
Region: Marches
Locality: Cingoli
Next city: Jesi (20km)
Persons: 6
€ 2900 - € 4200 pro Woche
Discover Casa Fontegenga: A charming holiday home in Le Marche with a private pool, air conditioning, and modern interior. Perfect for a peaceful getaway.
Region: Marches
Locality: Mombaroccio
Next city: Fano (20km)
Persons: 8
€ 2990 - € 5590 pro Woche
Dependance mit Klimaanlage für einen Kinoabend in den Ferien
Experience Villa Morrovalle: A luxury holiday home in Le Marche, 17 km from the sea. Enjoy modern furnishings, a fenced property, and a private pool.
Region: Marches
Locality: Morrovalle
Next city: Macerata (11km)
Persons: 12
€ 2990 - € 5690 pro Woche
Discover our luxury holiday home in Umbria, blending historical charm with modern luxury. Enjoy a designer interior, private pool, and serene nature.
Region: Umbria
Locality: San Leo Bastia
Next city: Citta di Castello (22km)
Persons: 8
€ 2990 - € 5490 pro Woche
Experience La Casetta di Collazzone: Holiday home in a medieval village with a private pool and retro design interior. Perfect for a relaxing vacation in Umbria.
Region: Umbria
Locality: Collazzone
Next city: Todi (18km)
Persons: 4
€ 3100 - € 3850 pro Woche
Experience Casale del Colle: A lovingly renovated country house in Umbria with a pool, panoramic terrace, and ideal location near Perugia and Assisi. Perfect for family vacations.
Region: Umbria
Locality: Torgiano
Next city: Perugia (13km)
Persons: 14
€ 3185 - € 5920 pro Woche
Discover Casa Design: A unique holiday home with modern interiors, heated indoor pool, and panoramic terrace views. Perfect for an unforgettable vacation.
Region: Umbria
Locality: Monteleone d'Orvieto
Next city: Orvierto (38km)
Persons: 6
€ 3400 - € 5800 pro Woche
Blick auf die Apenninen von Casa Winther Herrlicher Blick bis zu den Apenninen Aussenessplatz mit Blick auf den privaten, eingezäunten Pool in der Casa Winther
Discover Casa Winther: A peaceful holiday home in Umbria with modern interiors, a large pool, sauna, and stunning 360° views. Perfect for families and relaxation.
Region: Umbria
Locality: Castel Ritaldi
Next city: Spoleto (15km)
Persons: 12
€ 3490 - € 6790 pro Woche
Discover Martino Brillo: A renovated holiday home in Le Marche with modern design, a peaceful setting, private pool, and wine cellar. Perfect for a relaxing vacation.
Region: Marches
Locality: Staffolo
Next city: Jesi (19km)
Persons: 8
€ 3500 - € 4850 pro Woche
Discover the restored farmhouse "Farmhouse La Siesta" in the Marche. Enjoy historic ambiance, a swimming pool, olive groves, organic vegetables, and more.
Region: Marches
Locality: Treia
Next city: Macerata (23km)
Persons: 10
€ 3700 - € 4600 pro Woche
Discover Casa del Mastro in Spello: A lovingly renovated holiday home with a private pool, Mediterranean garden, and modern interiors. Perfect for a relaxing vacation.
Region: Umbria
Locality: Spello
Next city: Assisi (15km)
Persons: 6
€ 3800 - € 4450 pro Woche
Discover Ca Mattei: A luxurious holiday home in Le Marche with modern design, breathtaking views, air conditioning, and tranquility. Perfect for a relaxing getaway.
Region: Marches
Locality: San Lorenzo in Campo
Next city: Senigallia (41km)
Persons: 10
€ 3800 - € 6400 pro Woche
Discover the exclusive Villa La Melusina in Le Marche, Italy. Enjoy luxury amenities, air conditioning, outdoor kitchen, and truffle hunting on the estate. Perfect for your summer getaway!
Region: Marches
Locality: Comunanza
Next city: Ascoli Piceno (31km)
Persons: 8
€ 3850 - € 5900 pro Woche
Discover Mulino San Savino: A historic country residence from the 10th century with unique eel fishing, modern comforts, a private pool, and proximity to Lake Bolsena.
Region: Lazio
Locality: Marta
Next city: Lago di Bolsena (1km)
Persons: 14
€ 3895 - € 11200 pro Woche
Experience tranquility at Casa delle Marche, a modern villa with designer interiors, a private pool, and a 360-degree view of the lush hills of Le Marche. Perfect for a peaceful getaway.
Region: Marches
Locality: Barchi
Next city: Fano (23km)
Persons: 10
€ 3950 - € 4850 pro Woche
Experience relaxation at historic Villa Cesolo in Le Marche. Three units, pool, ideal for events and weddings. Close to the Adriatic Sea.
Region: Marches
Locality: San Severino Marche
Next city: Macerata (30km)
Persons: 48
€ 4100 - € 18100 pro Woche
Discover Lunario in Spello, Umbria. A lovingly restored holiday home with a garden and pool, near Assisi. Perfect for relaxing days in one of Italy's most beautiful villages.
Region: Umbria
Locality: Spello
Next city: Perugia (31km)
Persons: 6
€ 4350 - € 5000 pro Woche
Discover Gudiolo, a charming holiday home with breathtaking views, a covered terrace, and a private pool in San Giovanni del Pantano, Umbria. Perfect for Italy lovers.
Region: Umbria
Locality: San Giovanni del Pantano
Next city: Perugia (18km)
Persons: 10
€ 4420 - € 5900 pro Woche
Discover the exclusive Villa La Melusina in Le Marche, Italy. Enjoy premium amenities, air conditioning, an outdoor kitchen with a pizza oven, and truffle hunting on the estate. Perfect for your summer escape!
Region: Marches
Locality: Comunanza
Next city: Ascoli Piceno (31km)
Persons: 10
€ 4450 - € 6500 pro Woche
Experience unparalleled luxury at Casa Sant'Anastasio, a sustainable villa with a saltwater pool, designer interiors, and panoramic views over the Le Marche hills. Perfect for an exclusive Italian getaway.
Region: Marches
Locality: Cingoli
Persons: 8
€ 4500 - € 7500 pro Woche
Discover Casa Piane Pettirossi: A modern villa with high-end interiors, heated pool, and stunning views in Le Marche. Enjoy peace and luxury. Book now!
Region: Marches
Locality: Petritoli
Next city: Fermo (16km)
Persons: 8
€ 4500 - € 7000 pro Woche
Relax in Casale degli Olivi with its private saltwater pool, air conditioning and proximity to the golf course and historic Italian towns.
Region: Umbria
Locality: San Giovanni del Pantano
Next city: Perugia (18km)
Persons: 12
€ 4500 - € 7200 pro Woche
Experience Casa Rossa: a delightful holiday home with a private pool near Lake Bolsena. Enjoy lake views, unique interiors, and the perfect base for exploring Lazio and Tuscany.
Region: Lazio
Locality: Gradoli
Next city: Lago di Bolsena (0,1km)
Persons: 10
€ 4700 - € 6300 pro Woche
Experience tranquility and style at Villa Madonna della Noce. Enjoy modern interiors, a beautiful pool area, and proximity to Rome. Perfect for a memorable getaway.
Region: Lazio
Locality: Selci
Next city: Roma (60km)
Persons: 6
€ 4800 - € 5990 pro Woche
Blick auf die Apenninen von Casa Winther Herrlicher Blick bis zu den Apenninen Aussenessplatz mit Blick auf den privaten, eingezäunten Pool in der Casa Winther
Experience tranquility and modern comfort at Casa Winther, a vacation home in Umbria. Enjoy the large pool, sauna, and stunning views. Perfect for families.
Region: Umbria
Locality: Castel Ritaldi
Next city: Spoleto (15km)
Persons: 16
€ 5090 - € 7790 pro Woche
Experience luxury at Casale Tre Gelsi, a modern villa in the hills of Jesi, Le Marche. Enjoy a heated saltwater pool, stunning views, and comprehensive amenities.
Region: Marches
Locality: Cingoli
Next city: Jesi (14km)
Persons: 12
€ 5900 - € 8000 pro Woche
Experience ultimate relaxation at Villa Oliveto, a luxurious 4-bedroom villa set in an 8-hectare olive grove estate, featuring a pool, tennis court, and yoga studio.
Region: Marches
Locality: Civitanova Marche
Next city: Macerata (25km)
Persons: 8
€ 6000 - € 11000 pro Woche
Discover Torre al Monte, a medieval tower near Todi with breathtaking views, modern amenities, a rooftop terrace, and a designer pool. Perfect for special celebrations.
Region: Umbria
Locality: San Terenziano
Next city: Todi (9,5km)
Persons: 12
€ 6500 - € 9600 pro Woche
Discover La Segreta, a stylish countryside retreat in Umbria. Enjoy breathtaking views, beautiful terraces, and modern comforts in a serene setting.
Region: Umbria
Locality: Collazzone
Next city: Perugia (33km)
Persons: 8
€ 7200 - € 7700 pro Woche
Casa Olivi mit privatem Pool in den Marken Casa Olivi in Le Marche von der Ferne Casa Olivi von Weitem in der grünen Umgebung der Region Le Marche Casa Olivi mit Gandia Blasco Sonnenliegen um den Pool Casa Olivi mit Gartenmöbeln von Gandia Blasco
Experience the tranquility and comfort of Casa Olivi, a stylishly restored villa in Le Marche. Heated infinity pool, modern amenities, and breathtaking views.
Region: Marches
Locality: Treia
Next city: Macerata - Italien (23km)
Persons: 11
€ 8000 - € 15000 pro Woche
Experience luxury and tranquility at Villa Boucher, nestled in Umbria’s picturesque vineyards. Enjoy the infinity pool, stunning landscapes, and panoramic views.
Region: Umbria
Locality: San Venanzo
Next city: Todi (21km)
Persons: 14
€ 8900 - € 23900 pro Woche
Discover the exquisite Villa Olivo with a heated pool, tennis court, and proximity to the sea. Enjoy luxury and tranquility in the rolling hills of Le Marche, just 10 minutes from the Adriatic.
Region: Marches
Locality: Civitanova Marche
Next city: Macerata (25km)
Persons: 14
€ 9500 - € 15500 pro Woche
Discover the recently renovated Villa Tuscia with a private pool, modern amenities, and breathtaking panoramic views of an agricultural valley near Orvieto.
Region: Umbria
Next city: Orvieto (15km)
Persons: 16
€ 10200 - € 18200 pro Woche
Experience Villa Giulia, the former summer residence of Luciano Pavarotti, featuring a private pool, tennis court, and stunning sea views.
Region: Marches
Next city: Pesaro (2km)
Persons: 23
€ 11800 - € 17535 pro Woche
Experience the historic Castello dei Bonaparte in pristine nature. Enjoy modern comforts, a large pool, and proximity to Gubbio, Perugia, and Assisi.
Region: Umbria
Locality: Carbonesca
Next city: Gubbio (21km)
Persons: 30
€ 11900 - € 16540 pro Woche
Discover the luxury holiday home Torre Murlo with heated pool, high-end interior, and air conditioning. Near Antognolla Golf Course and breathtaking panoramic views.
Region: Umbria
Locality: San Giovanni del Pantano
Next city: Perugia (25km)
Persons: 6
€ 12000 - € 13800 pro Woche
Discover Villa Santa Croce with a heated pool, elegant interior, and stunning 360° views. Near Antognolla Golf Course and ideal for relaxation and tranquility.
Region: Umbria
Locality: San Giovanni del Pantano
Persons: 6
€ 13000 - € 14800 pro Woche

Explore Umbria Villa Rentals for Your Next Italian Getaway

Embark on a journey to the heart of Italy with Umbria villa rentals, offering an escape into the lush, green landscapes and rich history of this enchanting region. Experience the ultimate Italian holiday by choosing from a wide selection of villas that cater to every preference, from secluded retreats to luxurious estates.

Umbria Italy Villa Rentals: A Blend of Tradition and Comfort

Discover the perfect balance between traditional charm and modern luxury with our selection of Umbria Italy villa rentals. Each villa is handpicked to ensure you can immerse yourself in the local culture while enjoying the comfort and privacy of your own space. Picture rustic stone facades, wooden beam ceilings, and terracotta floors, combined with contemporary amenities and stylish interiors. Spend your days exploring nearby medieval towns, indulging in local cuisine, or simply relaxing amidst the tranquil beauty of the Umbrian countryside.

Holiday Rentals Umbria Italy: More Than Just a Stay

Choosing holiday rentals in Umbria, Italy, means opting for an experience that goes beyond the ordinary. These properties are situated in picturesque settings, offering breathtaking views and a peaceful atmosphere. Whether you're interested in art, history, or just looking to relax, there's something for everyone. Explore vineyards, participate in cooking classes, or take a dip in the natural springs. Our holiday rentals provide the perfect base for your adventures in Umbria.

Villas in Umbria with Private Pool: Your Personal Oasis

For those seeking a truly relaxing experience, our villas in Umbria with private pools offer the ultimate in luxury and isolation. Wake up to the gentle sounds of nature, spend your afternoons basking in the sun by your private pool, and enjoy al fresco dining with picturesque views as your backdrop. These villas provide a private escape where you can unwind and rejuvenate in total privacy, making every moment of your stay memorable.

Luxury Villas in Umbria: Indulge in Opulence

Elevate your vacation with our collection of luxury villas in Umbria. These prestigious properties offer exquisite design, expansive estates, and top-tier amenities, ensuring a stay of unparalleled comfort and sophistication. From historic manors to contemporary masterpieces, each villa is a testament to the elegance and beauty of Umbrian architecture and design. Indulge in the luxury of space, with sprawling gardens, private pools, and gourmet kitchens, all set against the stunning backdrop of the Umbrian hills.

Umbria Villa Rental with Pool: Enjoy the Best of Both Worlds

Our Umbria villa rentals with pools combine the best of rustic charm and modern luxury. Ideal for families and groups, these villas provide a refreshing retreat after a day of exploring. Enjoy the privacy of your own pool, with options ranging from infinity pools overlooking the countryside to sheltered pools nestled within fragrant gardens. These rentals offer a perfect balance of leisure and excitement, ensuring your stay is filled with refreshing swims and relaxation.

Villa Umbria Private Pool: A Sanctuary of Solitude

For those seeking ultimate privacy and serenity, a villa in Umbria with a private pool is the quintessential choice. These secluded havens offer peace and tranquility away from the hustle and bustle, allowing you to fully immerse yourself in the natural beauty and calm of the region. Each villa is equipped with amenities that ensure comfort and convenience, allowing you to enjoy a stress-free holiday surrounded by the breathtaking landscapes of Umbria.

In conclusion, whether you're looking for a romantic getaway, a family vacation, or a luxurious retreat, our collection of Umbria villa rentals offers something for every traveler. Experience the beauty, history, and culture of Umbria from the comfort of your own private villa. Book your stay today and prepare for an unforgettable Italian adventure.

What are the most important sights in Umbria?

Umbria, often called the gentle heart of Italy, captivates visitors with its mystical tranquility, rolling hills, and breathtaking landscapes. Rich in cultural landmarks of immense historical value, the region invites you to embark on a journey of discovery. Let’s explore the most beautiful places in Umbria – a region to be not only seen but truly experienced.

Assisi – The Spiritual Soul of Umbria

Assisi, the birthplace of St. Francis of Assisi, is a spiritual and historical treasure. Nestled among the rolling Umbrian hills, it exudes an almost otherworldly charm.

  • The Basilica of St. Francis, a two-story church, is a masterpiece of medieval architecture and art.
  • Its walls are adorned with frescoes by Giotto and other Italian masters, narrating the life of St. Francis.
    A visit to Assisi feels like a journey through faith and history, offering serenity and inspiration.

Orvieto – Gothic Majesty on Tuff Rock

Perched on a dramatic tuff rock plateau, Orvieto is a city that combines architectural splendor with fascinating history.

  • The Cathedral of Orvieto, a gem of Gothic architecture, dazzles with its intricate façade and stunning interior.
  • Beneath the city lies a network of underground caves and tunnels, offering a glimpse into its ancient past.
    Walking through Orvieto is like stepping back in time, where every corner reveals a new story.

Perugia – A City of Art, Culture, and Indulgence

The vibrant capital of Umbria, Perugia, offers a harmonious blend of history, art, and culinary delights.

  • Explore the Etruscan walls and the impressive Etruscan well, remnants of the city’s ancient heritage.
  • The Palazzo dei Priori houses the National Gallery of Umbria, featuring masterpieces from the Renaissance, including works by Perugino.
  • Perugia is also renowned for its chocolate and the annual Umbria Jazz Festival, attracting music enthusiasts from around the globe.

Spoleto – Where Culture Meets Ancient History

Surrounded by stunning scenery, Spoleto is famous for the Festival dei Due Mondi, a celebration of music, art, and theater.

  • Discover the Roman theater, the striking Ponte delle Torri aqueduct, and the magnificent Cathedral of Spoleto, adorned with frescoes by Filippo Lippi.
    Spoleto’s blend of cultural heritage and natural beauty makes it a must-visit destination.

Culinary Delights and Fine Wines: Umbria for Food and Wine Lovers

In Umbria, nature’s bounty meets culinary craftsmanship to create an unforgettable gastronomic experience rooted in the region’s history and traditions. Nestled in the heart of Italy, Umbria’s cuisine is simple yet refined – a celebration of authentic flavors and locally-sourced ingredients that capture the essence of the landscape. To taste the wines and recipes of Umbria is to savor the soul of this enchanting region.

Umbrian Cuisine: Rustic and Authentic

Umbrian cuisine is a testament to simplicity. It relies on fresh, seasonal ingredients harvested directly from the surrounding hills, forests, and valleys.

  • Truffles, especially the prized black truffle from Norcia, elevate dishes to luxurious heights. Whether shaved over fresh pasta or infused into olive oil, their earthy aroma is unforgettable.
  • Handmade pasta like Strangozzi or Umbricelli is served with hearty sauces made from wild boar, mushrooms, or regional vegetables, each bite honoring Italian culinary traditions.
  • The lentils of Castelluccio, tiny and full of flavor, are the stars of hearty soups and stews, perfect for cooler evenings.
  • Cinghiale (wild boar), a regional favorite, appears in ragù, cured meats, or sausages, bringing a taste of the forest to the table.

Umbrian bread, unsalted and understated, pairs perfectly with the bold flavors of cured meats, cheeses, and olive oil – a true reflection of the region's culinary philosophy.

Wines of Umbria: A Glass of Tradition

Umbrian vineyards, often family-run for generations, blanket the rolling hills where the climate and soil create ideal conditions for winemaking.

  • The Sagrantino di Montefalco, a bold and robust red, is the crown jewel of Umbrian wines. With its rich flavors and balance of tannins and fruit, it’s a must-try for wine enthusiasts.
  • The Torgiano Rosso Riserva, another DOCG gem, exudes elegance and pairs beautifully with game dishes and aged cheeses.
  • For white wine lovers, the Orvieto Classico, light and fresh, is a delightful accompaniment to seafood and truffle-based pasta dishes.
  • Lesser-known varietals like Grechetto and Trebbiano Spoletino offer unique flavors and are worth discovering for their character and charm.

Every sip tells a story – of sun-drenched vineyards, centuries-old traditions, and the passion of Umbrian winemakers.

Inviting Moments of Indulgence

The best culinary experiences in Umbria are often found off the beaten path:

  • A quaint osteria in Perugia, where homemade tagliatelle with wild boar ragù and a glass of local red create a perfect meal.
  • A countryside farm near Assisi, where freshly baked bread and olive oil, sprinkled with sea salt, start an unforgettable meal.
  • A bustling market in Spoleto, filled with the scents of air-cured ham, pickled vegetables, and fragrant herbs – a feast for the senses.

Umbria Calls to Gourmets and Wine Aficionados

Umbria is more than just a region; it’s a feeling – one of authenticity, warmth, and unspoiled charm. Here, you won’t just eat, but truly savor; you won’t just drink, but experience.

The invitation is irresistible: taste the cuisine, fall in love with the wines, and explore a region that tells its story in every bite and every glass.